PHP远程操纵WordPress的方法(流程剖析）

一直想写一个给wordpress群发文章的应用，这样我就能自动采集文章，然后写个脚本自动发送文章了，哈哈。虽然用python干这种事情貌似更加擅长，但是我想做个web界面访问该应用，而python的虚拟主机现在还好少（至少PHP真的很容易有），于是拿起老本行，用PHP来搞定。

学PHP也已经有很长时间，从原来的纯手工编写，到后来的网上找类库自己整合，再到如今的直接使用框架。我再也不愿意从头开始写程序，现成的框架有大量的优秀代码，拿来用能实现目标何乐而不为，之前也用过zend、thinkphp、codeigniter，前两者其实都不错，但是现在我还是很偏爱codeigniter，就因为它强大的在线文档。

我使用的是CI(codeigniter)的“XML-RPC 和 XML-RPC 服务器类”，以下代码实现了将服务器wordpress站点的标签信息获取下来打印：

public function index(){
    //加载CI的xmlrpc类库
    $this->load->library('xmlrpc');
    //设定远程的XMLRPC.php文件的地址
    $this->xmlrpc->server('http://jobrule.sinaapp.com/xmlrpc.php');
    /*
     * 设定需要操作的方法，该字符串，可以在wordpress服务器上
     * 的/wp-includes/class-wp-xmlrpc-server.php里面找到
     */
    $this->xmlrpc->method('wp.getTags');
    /*
     * 设定请求参数，可以直接去看class-wp-xmlrpc-server.php的源代码，
     * 其中第0个是id，第一个和第二个是用户名密码
     */
    $request = array('','admin', '123456789');
    //将参数设定到请求里面，这时候还没有发送请求
    $this->xmlrpc->request($request);
    //发送请求
    if ( ! $this->xmlrpc->send_request()){
        echo $this->xmlrpc->display_error();
    }
    //打印结果看一看
    echo "<pre>";
    print_r( $this->xmlrpc->display_response());
    echo "</pre>";
    //$this->load->view('welcome_message');
}

CI的官方文档列出了xmlrpc类的API：

• $this->xmlrpc->server()：设定发送请求的服务器URL和端口号
• $this->xmlrpc->timeout()：设定一个发送请求的响应时间
• $this->xmlrpc->method()：设定请求的服务方法字符串（重要）
• $this->xmlrpc->request()：绑定发送请求的数据参数，并不发送请求
• $this->xmlrpc->send_request()：发送请求
• $this->xmlrpc->display_error()：打印错误信息
• $this->xmlrpc->display_response()：打印返回的响应信息
• $this->xmlrpc->set_debug(TRUE)：开发过程中打印一些调试信息

关键在于$this->xmlrpc->method()，该接口设定向服务器发送什么样的请求。下载一个wordpress源码，打开\wp-includes\class-wp-xmlrpc-server.php文件，可以看到所有的我们能够调用的服务：

// WordPress API
'wp.getUsersBlogs'		=> 'this:wp_getUsersBlogs',
'wp.newPost'			=> 'this:wp_newPost',
'wp.editPost'			=> 'this:wp_editPost',
'wp.deletePost'			=> 'this:wp_deletePost',
'wp.getPost'			=> 'this:wp_getPost',
'wp.getPosts'			=> 'this:wp_getPosts',
'wp.newTerm'			=> 'this:wp_newTerm',
'wp.editTerm'			=> 'this:wp_editTerm',
'wp.deleteTerm'			=> 'this:wp_deleteTerm',
'wp.getTerm'			=> 'this:wp_getTerm',
'wp.getTerms'			=> 'this:wp_getTerms',
'wp.getTaxonomy'		=> 'this:wp_getTaxonomy',
'wp.getTaxonomies'		=> 'this:wp_getTaxonomies',
'wp.getPage'			=> 'this:wp_getPage',
'wp.getPages'			=> 'this:wp_getPages',
'wp.newPage'			=> 'this:wp_newPage',
'wp.deletePage'			=> 'this:wp_deletePage',
'wp.editPage'			=> 'this:wp_editPage',
'wp.getPageList'		=> 'this:wp_getPageList',
'wp.getAuthors'			=> 'this:wp_getAuthors',
'wp.getCategories'		=> 'this:mw_getCategories',		// Alias
'wp.getTags'			=> 'this:wp_getTags',
'wp.newCategory'		=> 'this:wp_newCategory',
'wp.deleteCategory'		=> 'this:wp_deleteCategory',
'wp.suggestCategories'	=> 'this:wp_suggestCategories',
'wp.uploadFile'			=> 'this:mw_newMediaObject',	// Alias
'wp.getCommentCount'	=> 'this:wp_getCommentCount',
'wp.getPostStatusList'	=> 'this:wp_getPostStatusList',
'wp.getPageStatusList'	=> 'this:wp_getPageStatusList',
'wp.getPageTemplates'	=> 'this:wp_getPageTemplates',
'wp.getOptions'			=> 'this:wp_getOptions',
'wp.setOptions'			=> 'this:wp_setOptions',
'wp.getComment'			=> 'this:wp_getComment',
'wp.getComments'		=> 'this:wp_getComments',
'wp.deleteComment'		=> 'this:wp_deleteComment',
'wp.editComment'		=> 'this:wp_editComment',
'wp.newComment'			=> 'this:wp_newComment',
'wp.getCommentStatusList' => 'this:wp_getCommentStatusList',
'wp.getMediaItem'		=> 'this:wp_getMediaItem',
'wp.getMediaLibrary'	=> 'this:wp_getMediaLibrary',
'wp.getPostFormats'     => 'this:wp_getPostFormats',
'wp.getPostType'		=> 'this:wp_getPostType',
'wp.getPostTypes'		=> 'this:wp_getPostTypes',

// Blogger API
'blogger.getUsersBlogs' => 'this:blogger_getUsersBlogs',
'blogger.getUserInfo' => 'this:blogger_getUserInfo',
'blogger.getPost' => 'this:blogger_getPost',
'blogger.getRecentPosts' => 'this:blogger_getRecentPosts',
'blogger.getTemplate' => 'this:blogger_getTemplate',
'blogger.setTemplate' => 'this:blogger_setTemplate',
'blogger.newPost' => 'this:blogger_newPost',
'blogger.editPost' => 'this:blogger_editPost',
'blogger.deletePost' => 'this:blogger_deletePost',

// MetaWeblog API (with MT extensions to structs)
'metaWeblog.newPost' => 'this:mw_newPost',
'metaWeblog.editPost' => 'this:mw_editPost',
'metaWeblog.getPost' => 'this:mw_getPost',
'metaWeblog.getRecentPosts' => 'this:mw_getRecentPosts',
'metaWeblog.getCategories' => 'this:mw_getCategories',
'metaWeblog.newMediaObject' => 'this:mw_newMediaObject',

// MetaWeblog API aliases for Blogger API
// see http://www.xmlrpc.com/stories/storyReader$2460
'metaWeblog.deletePost' => 'this:blogger_deletePost',
'metaWeblog.getTemplate' => 'this:blogger_getTemplate',
'metaWeblog.setTemplate' => 'this:blogger_setTemplate',
'metaWeblog.getUsersBlogs' => 'this:blogger_getUsersBlogs',

// MovableType API
'mt.getCategoryList' => 'this:mt_getCategoryList',
'mt.getRecentPostTitles' => 'this:mt_getRecentPostTitles',
'mt.getPostCategories' => 'this:mt_getPostCategories',
'mt.setPostCategories' => 'this:mt_setPostCategories',
'mt.supportedMethods' => 'this:mt_supportedMethods',
'mt.supportedTextFilters' => 'this:mt_supportedTextFilters',
'mt.getTrackbackPings' => 'this:mt_getTrackbackPings',
'mt.publishPost' => 'this:mt_publishPost',

// PingBack
'pingback.ping' => 'this:pingback_ping',
'pingback.extensions.getPingbacks' => 'this:pingback_extensions_getPingbacks',

'demo.sayHello' => 'this:sayHello',
'demo.addTwoNumbers' => 'this:addTwoNumbers'

根据方法名字，很容易知道是什么意思。要知道某一个方法需要发送什么参数，直接找到该方法，方法的注释可以看出需要什么参数，比如发送文章的newpost方法，根据注释知道需要如下参数：

/**
 * Create a new post for any registered post type.
 *
 * @since 3.4.0
 *
 * @param array $args Method parameters. Contains:
 *  - int     $blog_id
 *  - string  $username
 *  - string  $password
 *  - array   $content_struct
 *      $content_struct can contain:
 *      - post_type (default: 'post')
 *      - post_status (default: 'draft')
 *      - post_title
 *      - post_author
 *      - post_exerpt
 *      - post_content
 *      - post_date_gmt | post_date
 *      - post_format
 *      - post_password
 *      - comment_status - can be 'open' | 'closed'
 *      - ping_status - can be 'open' | 'closed'
 *      - sticky
 *      - post_thumbnail - ID of a media item to use as the post thumbnail/featured image
 *      - custom_fields - array, with each element containing 'key' and 'value'
 *      - terms - array, with taxonomy names as keys and arrays of term IDs as values
 *      - terms_names - array, with taxonomy names as keys and arrays of term names as values
 *      - enclosure
 *      - any other fields supported by wp_insert_post()
 * @return string post_id
 */

至此PHP远程操作wordpress的基本流程已经非常清晰，本文使用的是CI的xmlrpc类，网友可以自己网上随便找个开源类代替，他们的接口肯定大同小异。关键是弄懂了服务端提供了什么服务，直接调用就好了。